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Imatinib (Gleevec) is the first line of therapy for all patients. Gleevec blocks the Philadelphia chromosome and is assosicated with very high rates of remission. Similar drugs are being developed.
Sometimes a chemotherapy medicine called hydroxyurea (Hydrea) is used temporarily to control the white blood cell count.
The only known cure for CML is a bone marrow transplant or stem cell transplantation.
Though TKIs like Imatinib, Dasatinib, Nilotinib and the like have improved the outlook in CML quite positively, mutations in their kinase domain as well as other problems have arisen as a big hurle as they lead to resistance and treatment failure. Homoharringtonin a Chinese herbal extract has been showing good promise in these cases.
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